Process and apparatus for the evaporation of sugar-juice.



Aubmi EVAPORATION 0F SUGAR JUICE.-

Patented July 11, 1916.

2 SHEE -SHEET 1.

5i n undo p APbucAnoN jflw JUNE 2s. 1915.

4 I PROCESS AND APPARATUS. FOR 1,1 90 317.-

1 NAUDET I PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE EVAPORATION OF SUGAR JUICE.

Pmmdm 11, 1116.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 28" I9l5;

Zzan aim 1561i To all whom it may concern:

UNITED srarns F LEON NAUDET, 01 nasal; a:

' rnocnss Ann nrrann'rus' son 'rnn 'nvaroniarron or Susan-aurora Specificatien of Letters Zt'at ent.

Patented July it, @916.

Application filed June 28 1915. Serial No. eases;

Be it known that I, LEON Naunn'r, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Chelles, in the country of France, have 1n-. vented certain'new and useful Improvements in Processes and Apparatus for the Evaporation of Sugar-Juice,- of which the following 7 is a specification, reference being had there and one or more liquid compartments.

" at their opposite ends in in to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to the art of. evaporating. liquids, havingmore particular reference to the evaporation of sugar juice, It is the object paratus, and further to provide a simple and inexpensive means of changing lnstallations which are defective in their operation.

:My improvements are applicable to single unit evaporators but are more particularly advantageous in multiple units Where the liquid'to be evaporated is passed successively from one evaporator to another with a' decrease in pressure and temperature each partitions which separate the compartments. In operation, steam is supplied to the steam compartment of the first of the tanks, heating the tubes and causing the boiling of the liquid on the surfaces thereof; The vapor thus opposite driven oil by the boiling of the liquid is used for heating the second tank, and thevapor from the latter for heating theinext tank and so on throughout the series, the pressure in each succeeding tank being lower and in the last of the series being the highest vacuum practically attainable. The juice or liquidto be evaporated is also passed from tank to tank, being progressively increased in concentration to the end of the series. i In the design of apparatus as above described it is obvious that the heating surface in'successive tanks should be properly proportioned. This is for the reason that if one of the evaporators is-not of proper efiiof the invention ,to in-" crease the efliciency of the evaporating ap-y With the l In' other words,

' over the'heating surface.

Another featurelof my invention is the being connected for correcting installations that ciency it will cripple the operation of the other evaporators,,and so reduce the elliciency of the entire installation. Frequently after the plant isinstalled it is found that thereis, a lack of balance between the different units, but the correction of the mistake by the substitution of a-larger or smaller unit would involve largevexpense. The eficiencyof the apparatus is also dependent upon the amount of heat that can beitransfer-red from the steam to the liquid per unit of time and surface;- The rate of transfer-- en'ce varles' Wlth, the rate of flow of the liquid over the heated surface, and the higher the v rate of flow the greater will be the efficiency in evaporation.

, resent creased the -e ciencyof the apparatus by a novel method of increasing the flow of liquid pver the heated surface, which consists essentially in stimulating a circulatory flow in each unit by the force of the moving current oi liquid'through the system. there is a constant flow of liquid through the-system as it passes from invention I have inone evaporator to another, and the fierce of the moving liquid for each evaporator may be utilized in an injector for moving a larger volume of the fluid and circulating it provision are out of balance by placing additional heating surface in the liquid circuit. This can be done at small expense by a supplemental heater, which is placed in the inlet conduit for the'juice and is also in the endless circuit which is propelled by the injector.

In the drawings: Figures 1 and 2 are diaimproved process; and Figs. 3 and l are respectively a side elevation and plan view of rammatic side elevations of evaporators. illustrating the theory of operationof' my 7 a multiple unit evaporator to which my improvements are applied.

As shown in Fig.v 1, A is the outer tank or casing of one of the evaporator units,

'which is divided by partitions B and B" into compartments connected by small tubes or flues C'extcnding from partition to pal.

titionQ. The space between the partitions and surrounding the fines constitutes the].

'duit connected. to the bottom of the tank: and leading to-the inlet conduit K is d steam compartment, to which steam is supplied through a conduit D, While a conduit E carries away the Water of condensation.

F is aninlet conduit for thejuice above the partition B, and G is an outlet conduit which leads from the lower end of the tank to the next unit. I

I is a vapor conduit connected to the upper end of thetank and leading to the steam space of the next unit.

I is a gage for indicating the level of an injector connected into the conduit F, the nozzle .K' of, which forms a. jet of incoming fluid which imparts its velocity to a larger jet of fluid returning through the conduit-J. Thus the rate .of flow. of the liquid into and out from the tank C is greatly increased, which results in a corresponding increase in the rate of flow over. the heating surface and the increase 111 efficiency thereof.

Where itis desired to apply my'improvements to a plant already installed, all that is necessary is to supply theinjector liand, the return circulating pipe J.

v If, however, itis desiredto still further increase the efficiency or to correct a lack of balance between the units I may employ the construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4:. In this modification a small additional tank L is connected in ,to a vertical portion of the conduit F and in 'the'circuit formed by the return conduit J. Thus the casing L is provided With' a steam chamber supplied with steam from a conduit M and an outlet N for the Water of condensation. ,The injector K is placed at the base of the casing and therefore not only the infiowing liquid from the conduit F but also the circulating liquid from the conduit J is passed through the heater and the'small tubes or flues 0 thereof before reentering the tank A. Ohviously the amount of heating surface in this auxiliary heater may be readily varied,

and in this Way defects in the original installation are remedied as Well as increasing the el'fici'encyof each. unit of the evaporator. It is also apparent that the units of a multiple system may be balanced by differentially recirculating the fluid in theunits by varying the efficiencies of theinjectors K.

By my improved method the circulation plying liquid thereto,

rea er? of the liquid is accomplished Without the use ofadditional force or mechanicallydriven. pumping Furthermore it may be applied to the units which are operating under, less than at- I mospheric pressure Without the use of stuffof liquid over the heating surface.

2. In an evaporator having a heating surface, the combination with means for supplying liquid thereto,

of means actuated by or circulating devices.-

the inflow of said liquid fOrre-circulating the liquid in said evaporator and accelerating the flow over the heating surface.

3. In an evaporator having a heating surface, the combination. with of an injector op erate'd'by the iniiowing liquid for re-circulatingthe liquid Within said evaporator to increase thefiow over theheating surface.

4. The combination with a multiple unit evaporator, each unit haviifg a heating sur face ,and, a conduit for flowing the liquid from one unit to another, of means actuated by the flovv of liquid through said conduit for moving a larger volume of fluid over the heating surface.

5. In an evaporator, the combination with a conduit for supplying liquid thereto, of a supplemental evaporator connected to said supply conduit, a return conduit from said evaporator to-said supplemental evaporator and an injector operated by the fluid supply for circulating the fluid through said return -'circuit and supplemental evaporator. 4 6. In a multiple-unit evaporator, the combination with a plurality ofunits and means for flowing the liquid from one unit to another, of means actuatedby the flow of liquid for diii'erentially circulating the liquid in the several units to balance the same in eiiiciency. I.

7. The method of evaporating liquid, comprising constantly feeding the liquid through an evaporating system, and forcing by said flow a recirculation of the liquid Within the system.

comprising the constant flow of liquid through a multiple-unit system, and in propelling by the flowing liquid a re-circulation in a portion of-the system.

9. The method of balancing the units of a multiple-unit evaporator, comprising the differential re-circulation of the fluid in said units. I v

10.'The method of balancing units in a means for sup multiple-unit ing constantly flowing the fluid from one unit toanother and propelling by the flowing fluid adiflerential re-circulation of the 12. In anevaporator having a heating.

surface, the combination with means for supplying liquid circulating the liquid ,in said evaporator and accelerating the flow over the heating surface. i a

13. The combination with a main and a supplemental evaporator of means for supplying liquid thereto, and means for re-circulating the liquid through the two-evaporators. y

' 14. The method 1of' evaporating liquid comprising the constant flow of liquid through a system including a main and a supplemental. evaporator, and the re-circulation of the liquid through said evaporators. 15. The method of balancing the units of a multiple unit evaporator,comprising the evaporating system, compris-v said units, .andmeans unit to said supple-- fluid for propelling circulation thereto, of means for rerecirculating of the fluid in said units, and

diiferential heating of the recirculating fluid in the several units.

16. Ina multiple unit evaporator, combination with a plurality of unitsand means for flowing the liquid from one unit to another, of means actuated by the flow of the liquid for recirculating the liquid in for, differentially heating the recirculating liquid in the several units. I

17. In a multiple unit evaporator, the combination with a -plurality of main units, and means for flowing-the liquid from-one to another, of supplemental "units respec tively associated with the main units, and means for recirculating the liquid through each main unit and the associated supple mental unit.

18. In a multiple unit evaporator, the combination with a pluralityof unbalanced main units, of supplemental units respectively associated with the main units having heating surfaces varied to balance the main units and means for flowing the liquid through the main and supplemental units.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LEON NAUDET. \Vitness'es M. J. BELKNAP, HENRIETTA E. BOWMAN.

the 

